Padthai is a popular Thai dish that typically consists of stir-fried rice noodles, eggs, tofu, and a combination of tamarind paste, fish sauce, dried shrimp, garlic, red chili pepper, and palm sugar, giving it a unique blend of sweet, sour, and savory flavors. It often includes ingredients like chopped peanuts, bean sprouts, and lime wedges, which are added either during the cooking process or as toppings.