Steel fabrication is the process of creating metal structures by cutting, bending, and assembling raw or semi-finished steel materials. It is a critical component for industries ranging from construction and manufacturing to automotive and marine. This work is typically performed by specialists known as steel fabricators. 
Common steel fabrication processes
Steel fabrication involves several key processes that can be executed manually or with advanced CAD and CNC technologies. These include: 

• Cutting: Raw steel is cut into desired shapes using methods like saw cutting, laser cutting for precision, plasma cutting for thick steel, and waterjet cutting which avoids heat distortion.
• Bending and forming: Steel is shaped into angles, curves, or cylinders using techniques such as press brake bending for precise bends and roll bending for curved forms.
• Welding and assembly: Cut and formed components are joined by qualified welders using methods like MIG, TIG (for precision), and Stick welding (for rugged environments).
• Finishing: Assembled structures are finished to protect against corrosion and improve appearance using processes like galvanizing, painting/powder coating, and sandblasting to prepare surfaces.
• Machining: Material is precisely removed from steel for high-precision parts, employing techniques like milling and drilling for fasteners. 

Types of steel fabrication work
Steel fabrication projects vary from small custom components to large structural frameworks. 

• Structural steel fabrication: Creates load-bearing frameworks for buildings and bridges, including beams, columns, and trusses.
• Heavy steel fabrication: Produces large, robust equipment for industries like mining and shipbuilding, such as tanks and pressure vessels.
• Light steel fabrication: Focuses on lightweight components for industries like automotive and aerospace, often involving thin steel requiring high precision.
• Custom steel fabrication: Creates unique components based on specific customer needs, common for one-off or small-batch production. 

Steel fabrication safety
Due to inherent risks, strict safety measures are crucial. 

• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Workers must wear protective gear including eye protection (safety glasses, goggles), hearing protection (earplugs, earmuffs), protective clothing (flame-resistant wear), and head protection (hard hats).
• Machinery and equipment safeguards: Equipment needs proper maintenance and safety guards.
• Proper training: Employees require consistent training on safety procedures and handling hazardous materials.

Workplace safety: Maintaining a clean workspace and using ventilation systems prevents respiratory hazards