In dentistry, deep cleaning (also known as scaling and root planing) is a thorough treatment that cleans below the gumline, where plaque and tartar can accumulate and lead to gum disease. The procedure involves two main steps:
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Scaling: The removal of plaque and tartar buildup from the surface of the teeth and beneath the gums. Scaling is done using specialized tools to break up and remove the hardened plaque (tartar) that has built up on teeth over time.
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Root Planing: The smoothing and cleaning of the tooth roots, which helps the gums reattach to the teeth and prevent further infection. This step helps to reduce gum pockets and inflammation caused by bacteria beneath the gumline.
Signs You May Need Deep Cleaning
If you are experiencing any of the following symptoms, you may need a deep cleaning:
- Bleeding Gums: Gums that bleed when brushing or flossing can indicate gum inflammation or infection.
- Swollen or Tender Gums: Red, swollen, or tender gums are signs of infection or early-stage gum disease.
- Bad Breath: Chronic bad breath, also known as halitosis, can result from the buildup of bacteria in the mouth.
- Receding Gums: If your gums are pulling away from your teeth, it could be a sign of periodontal disease.
- Loose Teeth: In advanced cases, gum disease can cause teeth to loosen or shift position.
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Why is Deep Cleaning Necessary?
While regular cleanings focus on the visible surface of your teeth, deep cleaning is necessary when gum disease (periodontal disease) develops. The bacteria from plaque and tartar can irritate and infect the gums, causing them to pull away from the teeth, leading to deeper pockets where bacteria can thrive. If left untreated, this can result in tooth loss and more severe oral health problems. Deep cleaning is effective in treating:
- Gingivitis: The early stage of gum disease, characterized by gum inflammation, redness, and bleeding.
- Periodontitis: A more advanced stage of gum disease, where the infection has spread deeper into the gums, potentially leading to bone loss.
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Deep cleaning is often recommended when gum disease is present but hasn't progressed to a level that requires surgical intervention.
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