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NEXUS LABORATORIES
NEXUS LABORATORIES 200703105787 (PG0200203-P)
SSM
Location:

Penang Ayer Itam

Business Nature:

Distributor

什么是HIV? - NEXUS LABORATORIES

什么是HIV?

04-Sep-2024

HIV,全称为人类免疫缺陷病毒(Human Immunodeficiency Virus),是造成艾滋病的病原体。这种病毒主要攻击并破坏人体的CD4+ T细胞,这种细胞在人体免疫系统中起着至关重要的作用。HIV感染会导致CD4+ T细胞数量减少,使得免疫系统功能逐渐减弱,这一过程被称为免疫缺陷。当免疫系统功能降低到一定程度时,患者就会易于感染各种机会性病原体,并发展出各种相关疾病,这就是艾滋病(Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,AIDS)得名的原因。



HIV病毒主要通过性接触、血液传播和母婴传播。性接触是最主要的传播途径,包括同性、异性和双性性接触。血液传播通常是通过共享注射器、针头等方式进行。母婴传播是指感染HIV的母亲在怀孕、分娩或哺乳过程中将病毒传播给胎儿或婴儿。



HIV感染分为急性期、无症状期和艾滋病期。急性期通常发生在感染后2-4周,可能出现发热、头痛、恶心、呕吐、皮疹等症状。然后进入无症状期,此期患者可能没有任何症状,但病毒仍在复制并破坏免疫系统。最终进入艾滋病期,患者免疫系统严重受损,可能出现各种机会性感染和肿瘤。


目前,尽管没有根治HIV感染的药物,但通过抗病毒药物的联合治疗(ART,即鸡尾酒疗法),可以有效地抑制病毒复制,重建和维持免疫功能,降低HIV相关疾病的发病率和死亡率。HIV感染者需要定期接受医疗检查,以确保病毒得到有效控制,并预防可能出现的并发症。


预防HIV感染的关键在于避免高危行为,如不安全的性行为、共用注射器吸毒等。此外,正确使用安全套、接受安全的血液和血液制品、避免与HIV感染者共享个人用品等行为也可以有效降低感染风险。对于已经感染的患者,及时接受治疗和关怀,以及避免将病毒传播给他人,也是非常重要的。



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Malaysia

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Website: https://www.nexuslaboratories.com.my
Website: https://nexuslaboratories.newpages.com.my/
Website: https://nexuslaboratories.onesync.my/

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