Common Types of Wood and Their Applications in Construction

Wood has been one of humanity’s most trusted building materials for centuries — and in 2025, it’s still going strong. Thanks to its strength, versatility, and eco-friendly nature, timber continues to play a vital role in modern construction, from homes and commercial buildings to interior finishes and furniture.

But not all wood is created equal. Different types of timber have different strengths, appearances, and ideal applications. Let’s take a look at some of the most common types of wood used in construction, and how they’re typically used on the job site.

1. Softwood: Fast-Growing and Flexible

Pine

Pine is a popular softwood that’s lightweight, easy to work with, and budget-friendly. It’s commonly used for:

• Framing and structural work

• Roof trusses

• Flooring and paneling

• Furniture and cabinetry (especially when painted or stained)

Spruce

Spruce is known for its straight grain and strength-to-weight ratio. It’s often used in:

• House framing

• Joists and studs

• Plywood and OSB panels

Fir (Douglas Fir)

Douglas Fir is strong and dimensionally stable, making it ideal for:

• Heavy timber frames

• Roof beams and columns

• Exterior applications when properly treated

2. Hardwood: Durable and Decorative

Oak

Oak is a dense and durable hardwood, prized for its beautiful grain and longevity. Applications include:

• Flooring

• Stairs and railings

• High-end furniture and cabinetry

• Exposed beams in decorative construction

Meranti

Common in Southeast Asia, Meranti is a versatile hardwood often used in:

• Door and window frames

• Interior joinery

• Veneer and plywood

Teak

Teak is known for its natural resistance to moisture and decay. Though expensive, it’s perfect for:

• Outdoor furniture

• Decking

• Boat building

• High-end flooring

 3. Engineered Wood: Strength Meets Efficiency

Plywood

Made by layering thin sheets of wood together, plywood offers excellent strength and flexibility. It’s used for:

• Wall and roof sheathing

• Subflooring

• Cabinets and furniture bases

LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber) & Glulam

These engineered products are made by bonding layers of timber with adhesives. They’re designed for strength and are perfect for:

• Structural beams

• Long-span supports

• Modern mass timber buildings

CLT (Cross-Laminated Timber)

CLT is revolutionizing the way we build multi-storey buildings. It’s strong, sustainable, and easy to install. Applications include:

• Walls and floors in large structures

• Modular and prefab construction

• Green-certified buildings

Choosing the Right Wood for the Right Job

Choosing the right type of wood for your project depends on several factors:
 Strength requirements
 Exposure to moisture or weather
 Budget
 Appearance and finishing needs

Builders and architects today are also considering sustainability certifications and carbon footprint when selecting timber — making wood a responsible choice when sourced properly.

Conclusion

From softwoods like pine to engineered products like CLT, each type of wood brings unique benefits to the construction world. By understanding their properties and best uses, builders can ensure quality, durability, and beauty in every project.

At PGP, we’re proud to supply a wide range of timber materials tailored to construction needs — sustainably sourced, precisely processed, and ready for your next build.